Transformer.



L. 0. NICHOLS.

TRANSFORMER.

APPLICATION FILED FEB.28, 1910.

Patented Mar. 9, 1915.

i MELW'AUICEE, WXSCONSEN, ASrSEGNQR, 3'3? ME 'NEE I w J UFACYJUERYIE'G CGEdFAllE-T, Q1?

TEAHSFQEBMEE.

specification of "setters he Ul'llllfi'c iitates, residing col /lilthe count of l ziilwaulree and li sconsin, have, invented certain .i i .e l imp ovements in Trans rulers, of l the following is full, ear, and e not specification. lily invention relates to electric apparatus such as irans'formers, and the object of my invention is to veniilaie and cool such apparatus ii 1 a simple and effective manner.

in *ransforrners for large outputs now so commonly used in distribution of elecby alternating currens, the temperature attained by she apparatus, due to its electric and magnetic resistance is a limiting factor and ny arrangements hove been made for conveying sway the heat on cidcni so th ir operation Air blast oransfor rs, so culled, and oil. cooled apparatus both incoinnion use while in some cases auxiliary means have been provided. for cooling the oil or air. It is to large transformers of the latter class that the present invention appertains.

" invention consists in surrounding 2 u with a plurality of mem- =ral i onceutric, so located reloeach her and connected in a manprovide for the circulation of an insu ZLUTQ fluid "therein and providing for air or ven listing passageways for cooling said insulating liuid.

This isreniion be said to consist in certain novel details of construction and comhinaiion and arrangement of parts so be described in the specification and set forth in the appended claims.

the accompanying; sheet of drawings, Figure l is e scciiouul view of a transformer b s, eivelv to per lo equipped with my invention; 2 is s top view of the same transformer with the cover removed; and, 3 is a front elevation, partly in section. of a transformer with a plumli of shells surrounding it.

Upon o. hose is mounted a. transformer nclosed in a casing having a, main body portion 11 s. hottom 12 and cover 13. loside is a frame 14 on which is s 1P 'nated core 16 comprising l and low voltage windings l actively are subdivided into in rich co ls which present "ird ills coils of said windings are wound upon said core. The

coils are separe oed from each other forming which are provided with means for making elecirical connections for said leads. The leads 22 are surrounded by insulating material 23 and pass through the cover 13 of the transformer casing and also through bushings 24 secured to said cover. The frame 1% is reinforced by bolts 25 which retain the lamina; of the core in a fixed position, and two or more of the bolts 25 are provided with eyes through which hooks may pass to move the transformer proper from the easing Withou's disturbing any of the other parts.

Referring to Fig. 1 of she drawings there is located exterior to the main casing and retained at e predetermined distance therefrom a shell 26. This shell comprises two metal parts 27 which are also held predeterinined distances apart and are reinforced by brackets 28 to which the metal parts are secured by rivets. The main casing and shell are connected at their extreme end portions conduits or pipes 29, in this way providing a system for a fluid circulation through the transformer, connecting pipes, and outside shell. Due to the shell 26 being retained at a predetermined distance from the main casing, a passageway is formed between the main casing and shell to permit the flow of a cooling fluid through said pasagewuy. The insulating fluid in this par ticular case is oil. the level of which is indicated by the line 0-0 When the oil comes in contact with the operatingtruns former ii; gradually becomes heated, rises, and the cooler oil takes its place causing :1 general upward flow within the inner tronsformer casing. Upon reaching the top of the casing the oil passes out through connecting pipes 29, down through the shell 26 and again enters the main transformer casing" through the lower connecting pipes 29. While passing through the connecting pipes and the outer shell the oil is cooled by the circulating cooling medium which passes be-' tween the main casing and the outside shell. The insulating fluid may be cooled to desirable degree bv varving the force of rho cooling; fiuid if e ion or blower is ber of these shells, having .with and supported the side walls of both 'mal fluid-containing portion of used. By using a construction of this kind a large radiating surface is obtained and the a cooling of the insulating fluid becomes a very simple matter and it is done in a very lefi'ieient and inexpensive manner. Any numtheir communieating openings preferably spaced the same distance from the ends, may be employed and connected in a similar manner as indicated in the drawings of this application. In this particular case 1 have shown one shell exterior to the main body portion in Fig. 1 and two shells exterior to the main body portion in Fig. 3.

It is evident that there may be many modifications of the precise arrangement herein shown and described, and I aim in my claims to cover all modifications which do not involve a departure from the spirit and scope of my invention.

Nhat I claim as new is:

1. In combination, a fluid-containing cas ing for electrical apparatus, and a hollow shell surrounding said casing and arranged laterallv outside of all fluid-containing portions thereof, said shell being connected by said casing through said casing and said shell.

2. A transformer casing adapted to contain insulating fluid, a cooling shell surrounding the normal fluid-containing portion of said casing and=spaced therefrom to form a ventilating passageway between said casing and said shell, and conduits connecting said casing and said shell, said'conduits being located whollv within the ends of both said casing and said shell.

3. A casing for the reception of electrical apparatus adapted to contain insulating fluid. a cooling shell surrounding the norsaid casing and spaced therefrom to form a ventilating passageway between said casing and said shell, and conduit connections between said casing and said shell, said connections being located within the ends of said casing and said shell, and the outer surface of said shell permitting contact at any instant with a support having a plane surface throughout the greater portion of the axial length of said shell.

l. In combination with a casing for electrical apparatus adapted to contain insulating fluid, a hollow shell surrounding said casing and spaced therefrom to form a tenv tilating passageway between said casing and said shell, and tubular connecting means between said casing and said shell adiacent and lower ends of said shell, said the upper connecting means being disposed wholly within the end portions of said shell, and

that portion of the connecting means adjacent the lower end of said shell communieating with the side wall of said shell at a point appreciably removed from the lower end of the shell to form a pocket in said shell below the opening therein.

5. In combination with a casing for electrical apparatus adapted to contain insulating-fluid, a hollow shell surrounding said casing and spaced therefrom to form a van tilating passageway between said casing and said shell, and, means for connecting said shell to said casing, said means being located wholly within the end portions of said shell and the normal fluid-containing portion of said casing, and the axes of thoseportions of said-connecting means immediately associated with said casing and said shell being in alinement and normal to the wall of said casing and theinner wall of between said casing an" a cylindrical casing for electrical apparatus, a cylindrical shell surrounding and spaced from said casing to form a ventilating passageway of substantially uniform width between said casing and saidshell, the normal fluid-containing portion of said casing being of-substantially uniform diameter, and a plurality of tubular elements associated with the walls of said casingand said shell to form a means of support for communication between said casing and said shell, the axes of said tubular elements being substantially along radii of said casing and said shell.

8. A casing for electrical apparatus adapted to contain insulating fluid in which said apparatus may be immersed, plurality of shells surrounding said casing and spaced apart radially and also spaced from said casing. means associated with the wall of said casing and the inner wall of the inner shell for suppo ting said inner shell, and means associated with the outer wall of said inner shell and the inner wall of the outer shell for supporting said outer shell.

9. A casing for electrical apparatus adapted to contain insulating fluid in which said apparatus may be immersed, a plurality of shells surrounding said casing and spaced apart radially and also spaced from said casing, tubulanmcans associated with the wall of said casing and the inner wall of the inner shell for supporting said inner shell, the axes of said gas said shell and a means of 1,131 ,ees

tabular means associated with the ll of said inner shell and the inner means between said shells located wholly within the ends thereof, both of said tubular M ill iiili'i Oliitl' shell for supporting Said connecting means forming a means for sup- "uter shell, said support'ng means between porting said shells ll] pOSltlOll llllrll'litlf] l0 5 said casing and said inner shell and beto each other and to said casing.

tween said inner and said outer shells being 12. A casing for electrical apparatus in alinenient and having their axes normal adapted to contain insulating fluid, a pluto tl surface oi the parts of said. casing rality of hollow shells surrounding said casand shells with w ich said means are assoing, said smells being spaced apart radially 45 at and also spaced from said casing, and tuba I; casing for elec'ttcal apparatus lar connecting and supporting nieans heed to contain insulating'fiuid, a plutween the adjacent walls of said casing and of hollow shells surrounding said casthe lzKlltlllV inner shell and between the adid shells being spaced apart radially jacent walls of said shells, the axes of said fie lso spaced from said casing, tubular connecting and supporting means being uorcting means betw en the inner wall of 111211 to the walls oi said casing and said inner shell and the wall oi? said casing shells, and a passage provided by said iirst acent its upper and lower ends, and tubumeans between said casing and said radially ar co necting means between the outer wall inner shell being substantially in alineinent of said inner shell and the inner wall of the with a passage provided by said second Ll shell whereby circulation of said fluid n'ieaus between said inner and outer shells. 'tl riiiun'h. said casing and said shells is pro- 13. In combination, a casing for electrical all of said tubular connections being apparatus adapted to contain insulating .4 lo: wholly within the ends of said casfluid, a hollow shell surrounding said casi3 it D an( '7 iells, ing and spaced therefrom, i'neans associated ll, it casi L501 electrical apparatus with said shell and casing for supporting adapted to contain insulating fluid, a plusaid shell in position, said means being dis rality of hollow shells surrounding said cas posed wholly within the ends oi said casing. p

ing, said shells being spaced apart radially and also spaced from said casing, tubular connecting means between said casing and the ralially inner shell, said connect lug means connnunicating with said casingand the inner shell through their side walls at points adjacent tle upper and lower ends thereof, and tubular connecting h'lilwaultce, Wis, Feb. '22), 1910. in testimony whereof l alhx my signature, in the presence of two witnesses.

LOUIS C. NXCHOLYS.

"W i tnesses thus. ii. Bynon, lion. E. S'roLL. 

